bash - Why can't /usr/bin/cd go to $OLDPWD -

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ran interesting can't quite figure out reason for. whenever use bash's builtin cd, can use cd -, when use cd executable errors out error saying: /usr/bin/cd: line 2: cd: oldpwd not set

here's transcript:

$ cd /tmp $ cd $home $ echo $oldpwd  /tmp  $ /usr/bin/cd -  /usr/bin/cd: line 2: cd: oldpwd not set  $ declare -xp oldpwd  declare -x oldpwd="/tmp"

i not sure cd executable comes from, pointless: can change own wd, not caller's (i. e. shell's). cd builtin , can work such.


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